Dr Akumtoshi, paediatrician at Zion Hospital and Research Centre, Dimapur.
Morung Express News
Dimapur | August 6
Following the report of a meningococcal disease outbreak, medical practitioners have called for public vigilance. While the outbreak was a localised one, awareness of symptoms and preventive measures is essential.
As per official sources, 7 reported cases, all children, were admitted at the CIHSR. There was one suspected death but laboratory confirmation was being awaited. The six other cases have been released. All the cases were said to have been reported from Peren district.
Dr Akumtoshi, a paediatrician at Zion Hospital and Research Centre, Dimapur, said that the latest outbreak does not warrant panic but calls for awareness. According to him, small outbreaks happen in India sporadically, with Shillong reporting one localised outbreak in February. “Because it is not very common in Nagaland, people are panicking a bit now. We don't need to panic. It's not a big outbreak, we just need to be vigilant and see a doctor if there are symptoms,” he said.
There are third generation antibiotics that can effectively treat the infection. Swiftly reporting suspected cases is crucial, however. He advised parents and the general public to seek immediate medical consultation if symptoms appear. While stating that medical diagnosis is necessary to differentiate the infection from common fevers or other bacterial illnesses, he added, “If you have a problem, go meet a doctor immediately,” he said.
The infection is caused by the Neisseria meningitidis bacteria. While various serotypes exist, the ‘A’ variety is the most common in India. The disease primarily affects adolescents and young adults, often spreading in crowded environments like dormitories or barracks.
Transmission occurs through human-to-human contact via respiratory droplets and saliva. Dr Akumtoshi said that sneezing or coughing without a mask, as well as sharing cigarettes or utensils, facilitate the spread of the bacteria.
Common symptoms include high fever, severe headache and persistent vomiting. Patients may also experience photophobia — an inability to look at light — and stiff neck. In more advanced stages, the disease may cause red petechial rashes or purpura on the limbs and body, which occur when platelet counts are depleted. This condition can lead to bleeding, hypotension, and shock if not addressed.
While there are antibiotics, prevention is the best cure. Preventive habits include the use of masks and maintaining hygiene regarding personal items. Vaccination is another primary preventive measure, available for babies aged 9 months to adults up to 55 years old. For those who have been in close contact with suspected cases, the paediatrician said that prophylactic medication is available to prevent the onset of the disease.
